Backported PRs:
- [x] #55849 <!-- Mmap: fix grow! for non file IOs -->
- [x] #55863 <!-- Update TaskLocalRNG docstring according to #49110 -->
- [x] #54433 <!-- Root globals in toplevel exprs -->
- [x] #55828 <!-- Fix some corner cases of `isapprox` with unsigned
integers -->
- [x] #55890 <!-- Profile: fix order of fields in heapsnapshot & improve
formatting -->
- [x] #55884 <!-- inference: add missing `TypeVar` handling for
`instanceof_tfunc` -->
- [x] #55881 <!-- Install terminfo data under /usr/share/julia -->
- [x] #55909 <!-- do not intentionally suppress errors in precompile
script from being reported or failing the result -->
- [x] #55355 <!-- relocation: account for trailing path separator in
depot paths -->
- [x] #55917 <!-- fix rawbigints OOB issues -->
- [x] #55892 <!-- TOML: Avoid type-pirating `Base.TOML.Parser` -->
- [x] #55798 <!-- Broadcast binary ops involving strided triangular -->
- [x] #55919 <!-- Limit `@inbounds` to indexing in the dual-iterator
branch in `copyto_unaliased!` -->

Contains multiple commits, manual intervention needed:
- [ ] #54009 <!-- allow extensions to trigger from packages in [deps]
-->
- [ ] #55509 <!-- Fix cong implementation to be properly random and not
just cycling. -->
- [ ] #55569 <!-- Add a docs section about loading/precomp/ttfx time
tuning -->
- [ ] #55824 <!-- Replace regex package module checks with actual code
checks -->

Non-merged PRs with backport label:
- [ ] #55932 <!-- REPL: make UndefVarError aware of imported modules -->
- [ ] #55910 <!-- Prevent extensions from blocking parallel
pre-compilation -->
- [ ] #55908 <!-- add logic to prefer loading modules that are already
loaded -->
- [ ] #55886 <!-- irrationals: restrict assume effects annotations to
known types -->
- [ ] #55871 <!-- lowering: don't reverse handler order in
`(pop-handler-list ...)` -->
- [ ] #55870 <!-- fix infinite recursion in `promote_type` for
`Irrational` -->
- [ ] #55867 <!-- update `hash` doc string: `widen` not required any
more -->
- [ ] #55851 <!-- [REPL] Fix #55850 by using `safe_realpath` instead of
`abspath` in `projname` -->
- [ ] #55813 <!-- Check for conflicting `@ccallable` name before JIT
registration -->
- [ ] #55743 <!-- doc: heap snapshot viewing -->
- [ ] #55741 <!-- Change annotations to use a NamedTuple -->
- [ ] #55534 <!-- Set stdlib sources as read-only during installation
-->
- [ ] #55499 <!-- propagate the terminal's `displaysize` to the
`IOContext` used by the REPL -->
- [ ] #55458 <!-- Allow for generically extracting unannotated string
-->
- [ ] #55457 <!-- Make AnnotateChar equality consider annotations -->
- [ ] #55220 <!-- `isfile_casesensitive` fixes on Windows -->
- [ ] #55169 <!-- `propertynames` for SVD respects private argument -->
- [ ] #54457 <!-- Make `String(::Memory)` copy -->
- [ ] #53957 <!-- tweak how filtering is done for what packages should
be precompiled -->
- [ ] #51479 <!-- prevent code loading from lookin in the versioned
environment when building Julia -->
- [ ] #50813 <!-- More doctests for Sockets and capitalization fix -->
- [ ] #50157 <!-- improve docs for `@inbounds` and
`Base.@propagate_inbounds` -->